The fundamental architecture: Classical, Post-Quantum and Quantum cryptosystems

The cryptographic world can roughly be divided into three paradigms: classical cryptography, post-quantum cryptography (PQC), and quantum cryptography. Each of these paradigms has its own mathematical assumptions, implementation requirements, and role in the migration strategy toward quantum-safe security. Classical cryptography (pre-PQC) Classical public-key cryptography forms the basis of the current Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Post-Quantum cryptography (PQC) Post-quantum cryptography […]

Quantum-proof email as the foundation for digital sovereignty

Quantum-proof email as the foundation for digital sovereignty Technology, law, and geopolitics in conjunction Why this topic is policy-relevant now The confidentiality of government communication is structurally under pressure. Not primarily due to current cyber attacks, but due to a strategic time effect: communication intercepted today can be stored and later decrypted once quantum computers have sufficient computing power […]